Numbers
You can count on it
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Numbers |
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Like many counting sysems, Roman numbers started by counting fingers!
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NUMBER
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How to make
it (if a small number is in front of a large number you take it away, if the small number is after the large number you add it on) |
How to SAY it one-two-three |
How to SAY it 1st-2nd-3rd |
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I
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1 (finger) |
unus or una or unum |
primus
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II
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2 (fingers) |
duo
or duae
or duo
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secundas
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III
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3 (fingers) |
tres
or tria
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tertius
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IIII or IV
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4 (fingers) or (a hand minus a finger) |
quattuor
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quartus
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V
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5 (a hand) |
quinque
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quintus
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VI
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6 (hand + finger) |
sex
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sextus
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VII
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7 (hand + 2 fingers) |
septem
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septimus
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VIII
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8 (hand + 3 fingers) |
octo
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octavus
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IX
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9 (2 hands minus a finger) |
novem
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nonus
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X
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10 (2 hands) |
decum
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decimus
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XI
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10 + 1 |
undecim
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undecimus
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XII
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10 +2 |
duodecim
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duodecimus
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XIII
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10 + 3 |
tredecim
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tertius decimus
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XIV
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10 + (5 - 1) |
quattourdecim
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quartus decimus
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XV
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10 + 5 |
quindecim
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quintus decimus
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XVI
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10 + 5 + 1 |
sedecim
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sextus decimus
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XVII
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10 + 5 + 2 |
septendecim
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septimus decimus
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XVIII
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10 + 5 + 3 |
duodeviginti
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duodevicesimus
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XIX
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10 + (10 -1) |
undeviginti
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undevicesimus
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XX
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20 (2 tens) |
viginti
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vicesimus
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XXX
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30 |
triginta
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tricesimus
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XL
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40 (50 minus ten) |
quadraginta
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quadragesimus
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L
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50 |
quinquaginta
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quinquagesimus
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LX
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60 (50 + ten) |
sexaginta
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sexagesimus
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LXX
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70 |
septuaginta
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septuagesimus
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LXXX
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80 |
octoginta
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octogesimus
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XC
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90 (100 minus 10) |
nonaginta
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nonagesimus
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XCIX
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99 (90 + 9) |
nonaginta et novem
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C
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100 |
centum
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centesimus
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D
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500 |
quingenti
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quingentesimus
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M
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1000 |
mille
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millesimus
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1999 would be written as MCMXCIX (M/CM/XC/IX=1000+900+90+9)
Last year was MM (2000) - this year is MMI (2001) - next year will be MMII (2002)
